فصلنامه چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی
پیاپی 20 (زمستان 1393)

Today’s, the environment the organizations has lots of dynamics and different factors affect employees` performance and ultimately the performance of organizations. One of the important organizational variables is employees` Ostracism by individuals and work teams that affect employees` behavior and their performance. Since the concept has been neglected in organizational behavior literature of Iran and no comprehensive model has been developed for, this research using an exploratory approach has developed a model for this concept. Firstly earlier researches have been explored. After designing a discussion guide, a purposive sampling consists of 18 managers, team heads and experts in the headquarters of two Iranian banks: Bank Mellat and Middle East Bank in-depth interviews were employed for the study. The model the process of Ostracism has been modeled using strategy of grounded theory. According to this model, the drivers of Ostracism has been identified in two categories: related to who is being rejected and who rejects; these factors could be Purposeful and Nonpurposeful; after phenomenon of Ostracism, according to a number of contextual and interventional factors, some emotional and logical reactions come to exist and due to, some consequences at the level of individuals, groups and organizations occurs.

The resent study, try to scrutinize the organizational slack in substantive cotext of organization. To do so, using the emergent approach of grounded theory, 16 comprehensive interviews were conducted with the managerial system of a number of private industries in the province of Khorasan Razavi. The findings of data analysis which were undertaken by constant comparison in coding exercises provided 713 codes, 34 concepts and 6 categories which emerged the research model regarding the main category, titled "Nourishing employees with slack services and opportunities". The model refers to the causes, covariance, conditions, contingencies and the consequences of the main category and the context of the research namely "The 6C's family" in the emergent approach. To sum up, this study identified new perspective of organizational slack and explained "Organizational Metastimuli" theory which fills some lacunae surrounding organizational slack.

According to increasing competition in the current business environment, the entrepreneurial environment in the organization has become a necessity for many organizations. Because organizational culture affects all organizational processes, thus organizations resort to create cultural sub-structures to facilitate occurrence of entrepreneurial behavior. The primary purpose of this study is investigation of relative importance of organizational culture dimensions in entrepreneurial behavior occurrence. Attaining the mentioned purpose, by employing a systematic and methodical selection, "Organizational Culture Index (OCI)" and "Entrepreneurial Behavior Scale (EBS)" have been chosen as the most appropriate theoretical framework for culture and entrepreneurship respectively; and in the end, these frameworks have been combined and presented in a complex network. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, capabilities of two techniques including "Focus Group (FG)" and "Analytical Network Process (ANP)" are employed. Results in the case study indicate that among dimensions of organizational culture, "social cohesion" and "trust" play the most important roles in development of entrepreneurial behavior.

Decision making is counted among the most important management tasks. Decisions can be defected and expose the business to serious problems. Such outcomes can be resulted from failure or decision making errors. Escalation of commitment can be referred to as one of decision making errors. Its mean is that investment to continue decisions that has made in the past and decision makers who are responsible for their decisions outcomes encounter negative feedbacks. This memoire examine escalation of commitment in capital budgeting area. Participants include students in Economics, accounting and finance. The findings imply that escalation of commitment bias cannot affect capital budgeting decisions and so this phenomenon is rejected.

Improving organizational performance is one of the most important goals that all kind of organizations try to achieve it in terms of growth, profitability, increasing market share, productivity and other criteria. The purpose of this paper is to examine the interactional relationship among organizational communication, conflict, culture and performance. To do so, the research institutions (under supervision of ministry of science, research and technology) were selected as statistical population. The mixed method research was used for conducting this research. For gathering required data, three questionnaires were designed and distributed among sample institutions. The information of 23 institutions (188 questionnaires) was gathered and used for analyzing. 59 questionnaires were obtained for qualitative analysis and analyzedby using content analysis method. The results show that there is a significant relationship among organizational communication, conflict, culture and performance. The research model was approved statistically and theoretically by using path analysis and strategic reference point’s theory respectively. There is also a significant relationship between alignment and performancethat is more alignment among organizational communication, conflict and culture increases the more organizational performance increases.

Personal foresight is a new trend in futures studies. Indeed, entrepreneurship is a concept that could not be imagined separately from the concept of “future”. Entrepreneurs possess high potential in shaping the future, as well as value generation. Hence, studying the process of personal foresight for entrepreneurs could offer insights for psychology, cognitive science, entrepreneurial sociology and futures studies. Grounded theory helps us to provide a model for the process of entrepreneurs’ foresight. Based on narratives of twelve entrepreneurs selected among managers/owners of established businesses in Iran with at least 3.5 years of life according to the definition by Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), the model determines the causal conditions for occurrence of future-based attitude and behavior in personal life and careers of entrepreneurs, context, intervening conditions, strategies and the method of transformation of the process into consequences that bring personal and social growth.

Today, the management of knowledge and related strategic concepts have been developed as the important parts for surviving of the organizations. Since no organization has unlimited sources and the dominated atmosphere is comparative, so compiling the correct and comparative strategies which meet the great goals of organizations is very important. The main goal of this research is discovering and identifying the main strategies of knowledge management and also related indexes of each strategies in Islamic republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). The statistical society of this research contains managers, assistants and experts of Broadcasting. In this research, using the experts’ ideas to extract the main strategies of Broadcasting organization and to combine these strategies with knowledge strategies of the organization(the strategy of coding and personalizing of knowledge), we create the first house of quality. Using the first house’s results, the second quality house investigates the relation between knowledge strategies and technical solutions for obtaining these strategies and also classifies these solutions. The findings of the research show that the development and improvement strategy of technical equipments is the main strategy of the organization. In the results of classification of knowledge strategies of organization, we observed that coding strategy obtained the first place and the personalizing strategy obtained the second place. This solution that the high ranking administrative managers should support the knowledge activities obtained the first place among the knowledge solutions.